Question by Kayona: i need help with my world history???!!?
4. The spread of the factory system resulted in all of the following EXCEPT
(1 point)
the movement away from home production.
poorer quality of iron.
the need for more power.
increased exports of British cotton goods.

6. _____ is the belief that people should be as free as possible from government restraints. (1 point)
Nationalism
Monoculturalism
Industrial capitalism
Liberalism

7. ____ arose out of people’s awareness of being part of a community with common institutions, traditions, language, and customs. (1 point)
Liberalism
Capitalism
Nationalism
Conservativism

12. In the Second Industrial Revolution, what led the way to new industrial frontiers? (1 point)
textiles, railroads, iron, and coal
a true world economy, internal-combustion engines, and new products
radios, telephones, light bulbs, and telegraphs
steel, chemicals, electricity, and petroleum

13. By 1914, trade unions had (1 point)
been outlawed in most of Europe and in the United States.
called so many strikes that overall production dropped drastically.
bettered both the living and working conditions of the working class.
the full support of all religious organiz14. According to Karl Marx, the ____, or working class, was oppressed by the middle class. (1 point)
proletariat
bourgeoisie
socialists
Communists

15. The Triple Alliance united (1 point)
Great Britain, France, and Russia.
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Russia.
Great Britain, France, and the United States.

16. Pogroms and anti-Semitism in Europe led to all of the following EXCEPT (1 point)
emigration of thousands of Jews to the United States.
larger populations of Jews in eastern Europe.
the growth of Zionism.
political parties that endorsed anti-Semitism.

17. According to Albert Einstein’s special theory of relativity, (1 point)
if all material things disappear out of the universe, only other stuff would remain.
only space and time exist independently of the human experience.
if all material things disappear out of the universe, time and space would disappear with them.
matter and energy are two separate, distinct monads.

18. What was the “white man’s burden”? (1 point)
bigger, stronger Europeans could carry more baggage
the belief that Europeans had a moral responsibility to civilize primitive peoples
the crowded urban living conditions created by the Second Industrial Revolution
the unpopular belief that Europeans were responsible for the mass destruction of many African cultures

19. What was the goal of the Indian National Congress? (1 point)
immediate independence for India and Pakistan
a share in the governing process of India
a revolution that was embraced by both Hindus and Muslims
a new constitution and the violent overthrow of British rule

20. The Monroe Doctrine was created by President James Monroe to (1 point)
create a joint trade agreement with Britain.
allow Europeans more power in Latin America.
guarantee the independence of new Latin American nations.
allow of the use of troops to restore Spanish control in Latin America.

21. As a result of the prosperity that came from increased exports, Latin America (1 point)
built bigger armies, resulting in wars in Latin America.
witnessed a growth in the middle sectors of Latin American society.
became a target of aggressive Japanese traders, who cheated the young nations in unfair trade contacts.
generally saw no need to industrialize as they already had done so.

22. In the Latin American colonial system, who were the mestizos? (1 point)
top of the social classes; held all the important positions
the largest group; worked as servants and laborers
controlled land and business; regarded as second class citizens
the native peoples; enslaved by the African colonists

23. In an attempt to adjust the trade imbalance with China, Britain began
(1 point)
increasing the price of steel traded by China.
decreasing the amount of tea and porcelain purchased from China.
shipping opium grown in India directly to China.
shipping silk made in India directly to England.

24. As a result of the Treaty of Nanjing, Britain was (1 point)
forced to stop all trade with China and Japan.
paid millions of dollars worth of Chinese silk, tea, and porcelain as war reparations.
unable to balance its trade with China.
given the island of Hong Kong, among other concessions.

25. Under the military pressure of Commodore Matthew Perry’s fleet, Japan (1 point)
formed the Sat-Cho society.
treated shipwrecked American sailors like criminals.
signed the Treaty of Kanagawa, opening up trade relations with the United States.
demanded the shogun become president of Japan.

26. The Meiji Restoration was responsible for all of the following EXCEPT (1 point)
weakening the power of the traditional nobles.
creating a constitution.
promoting industry.
rejecting all West
if that would work then i would not put it on here duh

Best answer:

Answer by Snow flake
Check them out on google…you’ll find the answers

Know better? Leave your own answer in the comments!

Discover Nighttime Around the World with Blast Radius and BOSS
LONDON, UNITED KINGDOM–(Marketwire – Aug. 24, 2010) – Blast Radius has developed a web site connecting international urbanites with local nighttime traditions around the world, for the launch of the new BOSS fragrance for men, ‘BOSS Bottled. Night’.
Read more on Marketwire

A 100 km traffic jam in China
Does your blood boil when you get caught in a traffic snarl? If so, then do spare a thought for motorists in China who have been stuck for the past 10 days in a traffic jam that stretches a good 100 km on a highway.
Read more on Hindustan Times

The New Revolutionized And Better Face Of Media World

The advertising world has gone through many ups and downs recently. The methodology has been totally transformed into a new structure. The internal and external outlook of media buying has undergone a big change. Advertising agencies have seen themselves transformed since the early 1990s. Only a few decades ago, there were a very small number of media buying agencies that controlled the consumer advertising field. However, there were also far fewer different advertising opportunities back then.

This explosive growth in the number of ad agency tampa has leveled the playing field to a large extent and now many advertising agencies have taken on the role of media buying and media placement agencies in addition to their traditional functions.

The enormous numbers of new advertising media made available since the inception of new marketing firms in tampa and all around the world in the mid-1990s have forced agencies to adapt to a changing environment. They now specialize in online radio media buying and help publishers and advertisers to arrive at terms which work well for both parties.

This online picture of media buying gives the tremendous exposure to the company’s product and service in a very short period of time. This gaining popularity of these online media services many media buying agency tampa has entered into the field of providing media services.

Any firm which hopes to make it as a Creative ad agency tampa in this new media environment has to adopt a results-driven strategy. The clientele of media buying and advertising agencies are increasingly savvy about online advertising and demand detailed monitoring and tracking results. Advertising and design agencies who work in new media buying now make a point of tracking direct consumer response in terms of sales, brand awareness and product profile in the minds of the targeted consumers.

If your business wants a fuller spectrum of services, such as graphic design, branding, copywriting and public relations in addition to online advertising and media buying, seek out media buying agency tampa like www.c3medianetwork.com which offers everything you need. It’s a lot simpler and usually much more cost effective to have a single firm take care of all of these jobs than to work with a dozen different ones.

The right ad agency can offer your business solutions which drive sales, increase consumer awareness, strengthen your brand and more; all in a way which gives you a great return on investment. Choose wisely; a partnership with a talented agency which can handle everything from public relations to media buying is worth its weight in gold.

Question by sunshine girl: 13: After World War II, what organization was formed on the basis of promoting world peace?
13: After World War II, what organization was formed on the basis of promoting world peace?
the Yalta Alliance
the United Nations
the League of Nations
the Warsaw Alliance

14: What prevented Americans from spending the high wages they earned in wartime jobs?
shortages in consumer items
fear of going into debt
desire to save money
inflated prices

15: Which of the following best describes “code talkers”?
aides to Roosevelt and Churchill who relayed messages between the two leaders
German-Americans who served as translators for the Allies
women who worked as airfield control tower operators
Navajo radio operators who helped secure communications in the Pacific

16: During World War II, many Japanese Americans
went back to Japan
were interned in camps in isolated areas
were elected to political office
moved to the Northeast

17: Which of the following best described satellite nations?
nations in debt to the World Bank
nations who belonged to NATO
nations west of the Iron Curtain
nations dominated by the Soviet Union

18: The Berlin airlift was President Truman’s respose to the
reunification os East and West Germany
German development of the atomic bomb
Soviet blockade of West Berlin
construction of the Berlin Wall

19: What impact did Joseph McCarthy have on American society?
He encouraged a widespread fear of Communism
He strengthened the United States Army
He encouraged Americans to stand up for their civil rights
He created opposition to United States involvement in Latin American affairs

20: The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was based on the principle of
free trade
collective security
appeasement
isolationism

21: Both President Truman’s Federal Employee Loyalty Program and Senator Joseph McCarthy’s hearings aimed to
fight disrcrimination in government jobs
defend Americans’ civil liberties
reinvigorate the American economy
expose Communists in the United States

22: During the postwar years, the Gross National Product of the United States
more than doubled
returned to Depression levels
shrank by half
stayed about the same

23: The beatniks of the 1950s promoted
traditional social patterns
family values
segregation of African Americans
spontaneity over conformity

24: How did the gross national product (GNP) and per capita income change in the 1950s?
The GNP increased while per capita income decreased
Both GNP and per capita income fell sharply
Both GNP and per capita income increased dramatically
The GNP decreased while per capita income increased

25: What major effect did the transistor have on technology?
It made nuclear power possible
It ended the popularity of radio
It reduced the size of electronic appliances
It temporarily slowed the development of new technology

26: Which of the following best describes the beatniks of the 1950s?
They rebelled against conformity and traditional social patterns
They worked to revive organized religion
They organized campaigns against racial injustice
They valued American middle-class culture above diverse cultural heritages

27: To achieve victory in the struggle for civil rights, Martin Luther King, Jr encouraged a policy of
armed confrontation
nonviolent protest
lawsuits
national strikes

28: After watching television coverage of the brutal tactics used against protestors by the Birmingham police, even opponents of the civil rights movement were
appalled by the police violence
angry with the peaceful protestors
supportive of the actions of the police
uninterested in the confrontation

29: The black power movement taught that African Americans should
separate from white society and lead their own communities
strive to end segregation
emigrate to Africa
use nonviolent protest to bring about change

30: How did the National Urban League help African Americans?
by helping newcomers to large cities to find homes and jobs
by providing legal support to defend them in court
by providing them with good medical care
by helping them integrate lunch counters

Best answer:

Answer by Anna P
Google and Wiki are your friends.

Give your answer to this question below!

Ghent Film Festival, IEBA Honors Chubby Checker, Content and Communications World, Viennale 2009, ShowEast, Highlight October Events

MIPCOM, in Cannes through October 9, is the global content event for creating, co-producing, buying, selling, financing and distributing entertainment content across all platforms, that provides the key decision-makers in the TV, film, digital and audiovisual content, production and distribution industry with a market conference and networking forum to discover future trends and trade content rights on a global level. The New School Office of Career Development in conjunction with The Office of Alumni Relations, New School for Drama, New School for Jazz and Contemporary Studies, Mannes College and others, presents “Careers in Performing Arts,” an Alumni Panel and networking event, at its campus in Greenwich Village, on October 6. The Ghent Film Festival (Flanders International Film Festival-Ghent) in Ghent, first established in 1974 as a student’s festival, is now recognized by the International Federation of Film Producers Associations (IFFPA) as a competitive festival primarily geared towards the “impact of music on film”. The festival organizes film music concerts, giving composers of film scores a platform to showcase from. The official CD Release Party for Kyoko Oyobe (www.myspace.com/kyokooyobe) Jazz Trio, recorded live at Smalls Jazz Club, happens October 8 in New York, and features Kyoko Oyobe, piano Michael O’Brien, bass Clifford Barbaro, drums, Saul Rubin, guitar. A subsequent jazz recital happens at Fat Cat Jazz Club, in Greenwich Village, on October 15.

The Chicago International Film Festival, October 8-21, will have an opening night cocktail reception with hors d’oeuvres, and after the festival starts you can listen to experienced film composers, musicians, and directors break down the process of finding collaborators, sourcing new and existing music, and producing the perfect harmony between sound and image at the panel “Score! Music on Film”. ` International Entertainment Buyers Association, founded in 1970 as a non-profit trade organization for talent buyers, concert promoters, agents, managers, artists and other related entertainment professionals, starts its 2009 conference in Downtown Nashville, October 11-13. Among slated events IEBA will honor the iconic Chubby Checker who had the number 1 song of the sixties, “The Twist,” which topped the charts at number1 twice. Content and Communications World is the fall conference and exhibition for media and communications technology, opening in New York for two days on October 14. CCW features three events in one location – HD World, SATCON, and IP Media Expo. The Hawaii International Film Festival (HIFF) was started with a mandate for the advancement of understanding and cultural exchange among the peoples of Asia, the Pacific and North America through the medium of film, and at this year’s event in Honolulu will host an all day event to honor award winning TV program LOST, which is shot on the island of Oahu with the Vision in Film Award. BlogWorld and New Media Expo 2009, October 15-17 in Las Vegas, is for any Blogger, Podcaster, Vlogger, Internet TV or Radio Broadcaster, Social Media expert or producer of any other form of new media content to attend and extend their expertise with strategies, tools and techniques.

Film, Stage and ShowBiz Expo happens this year in Los Angeles for one day, on October 17. On site at the Expo, Disney Theatrical Group and Telsey + Company will be holding casting calls for major Broadway musical productions. During this year’s 2009 Digital Hollywood Fall, October 19-22 in Santa Monica, some special events will include: Executive Round Table and Cocktail Event; VIP Content Rights Dinner; Digital Hollywood Finance Dinner; a VIP Breakfast Briefing; and End-of-Day Poolside Reception. During Vienna based Viennale 2009, running October 22 through November 4, directors and actors will join the celebratory opening in the Gartenbaukino, with a number of other film guests, such as Tilda Swinton, to whom the Viennale dedicates a Tribute this year. The festival will close with the Austrian premier of the latest film of the brothers Ethan and Joel Coen: A Serious Man. Cinema exhibition professionals come to Nielsen Film Group’s ShowEast in Orlando, October 26-29, for film screenings of major studio and independent feature films slated for holiday release, as well as product reel presentations, special events with Hollywood actors, educational seminars and to find the latest products, services and technologies at the trade show. The Urban Individualists (www.theurbanindividualists.org) close out their year of art showcases with two shows in the month, first with a Brooklyn opening October 23 of ‘Heaven and Hall’, showing works exploring theological themes by male members of the collective, including Paul Deo (www.myspace.com/pauldeo). They open again on October 31 in Manhattan’s upper west side with ‘Masquerade – False Faces’ a multimedia exhibition which includes masks and other art works. Both events feature live music, poetry readings, refreshments, and are free and open to the public.

The above events are only a sample of what is fully listed. Complete details are on the “Media, Entertainment and Performing Arts Industry News and Events” page. Video and podcast versions of this news summary are also available at popular video sites around the Web like MySpace, YouTube, Daily Motion, as well as on The Actor’s Checklist podcast blog. Follow the posting of the news summary on Twitter at: twitter.com/actorschecklist. This month on the video news summary you will again see a dynamic array of artists in performance of film and music. Last month featured German pop (with a little hip hop) performer, Lando van Herzog; Urban Rap artist Guerilla X in his new film, ‘Kiss of a Bullet’; comedy in the form of parody rap skits from Filmhawk. These videos are now available on the Free Home Video Showcase which now serves as an archive for all past video presentations but without the audio news narration. The Actor’s Checklist is proud announce the return of the photo gallery which you can visit to upload valuable head shots or other photos of your choice, create profiles, and use your pictures or others found on the gallery as ecards which you can email to friends and associates with messages.

Fresh… rippa… fresh off the presses. Check out some hot radio imaging. Voiceover by the Big Fat Image Voice – Dave Pettitt.

Alliss’ 19th Hole: Trivial Delights from the World of Golf

The beloved ABC-TV golf commentator Peter Alliss’ irresistible compendium of golf trivia. From the trivial to the arcane, Alliss’ 19th Hole is a compulsively readable collection of golf facts, told in the wry voice of the man Golf Digest called the “best golf commentator ever.” Marvel at the accomplishments of golfers who have won a place in “Alliss’ Hall of Fame,” shake your head at the chaos that ensues “When Good Golfers Go Bad,” and relive “The Great Battles of Golf History.” T

Rating: (out of 4 reviews)

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Ireland: a Modern Country With a Third World Health Service

This is the story of ‘Rosie” who had to wait seven months, because of a dire Irish Health Service, to see a consultant for bowel cancer.

This brave ladies’ real name was Susie Long and she passed away in October 2007…she really never had a chance because she didn’t have Health Insurance. She left behind two teenage children.

Below is her letter to our national broadcaster RTE…Joe Duffy’s Liveline Program.

=========================================

Dear Joe,

Today I had my 12th session of chemo. I got to talking to the partner of a man who was also getting chemo. She told me that when her partner’s GP requested a colonoscopy for him he was put on the waiting list. She then phoned the hospital and told them he had private health insurance and he was seen three days later. He had bowel cancer that was advanced, but had not broken through the bowel wall and spread to other organs. She said the tumour was the size of a fist and what made him go to the doctor (apart from her nagging) was he started to lose weight rapidly. Thank goodness they got it in time and he’s going to recover.

I then came home, flicked on the tv and got into bed. The first ad on the tv was from the government telling people that bowel cancer can kill, but not if caught in time. If Bertie Ahern or Mary Harney or Michael McDowell were within reach I would have killed them. Literally. I’m not joking.

I don’t have private health insurance. It’s a long story, so I’ll start at the beginning.

I’ve suffered from digestive complaints for years. It started out with being unable to eat in the mornings or when my stomach felt tense. I’d feel too queasy. Then I got heartburn after just about everything I ate. I lived on Rennies. Then, in 2005, I got a lot of diahrea and after a few months it became constant and blood accompanied some of my bowel movements. I went to my GP clinic in the Summer of 2005. Probably about 2 months after the blood started appearing. I look back now and feel stupid for delaying for 2 months, but I wasn’t sure if the blood was caused by piles, which my late mother suffered from. I was 39 years old and had read in books and heard a doctor say on tv that bowel cancer doesn’t affect people under 50. Anyway, my normal GP was on holiday, but I saw his colleague, and she immediately sent a letter to the local hospital requesting a sonogram and a colonoscopy. Within weeks I was called for a sonogram and was diagnosed with a gallstones. That explained the queasiness and the heartburn. I expected to soon be called for the colonoscopy. I waited through the autumn, then through the start of winter. No word on the colonoscopy and no word on when my gall bladder would be removed.

In November I started to get serious lower abdominal pain after eating. I phoned the consultants secretary and asked if I was on the waiting list. She assured me I was and would be called soon. In December I started to rapidly lose weight. This definitely wasn’t like me! I love my food, Joe. I phoned the hospital again after Christmas. Again I was told that I was still on the list and would definitely be called soon. (I later found out that that consultant had retired and they had just hired a new one). Joe, from November to the end of February I was in agony. Apart from the pain and diahrea I was tired all the time. I’d literally got out of bed to go to work at 4.30 in the afternoon. Came home around 10.30pm, ate my dinner (I couldn’t eat before work because it’d make me too sick to do my job), tidied the kitchen and went to bed again. I was miserable.

Finally, on February 28, 2006, four days after I turned 40, I was called for a colonoscopy.

I woke up in the middle of the procedure and saw on a large screen, them probing a blob on my colon. They were taking a biopsy. But I didn’t have to wait for the results. I knew what I had. Soon after I met my wonderful consultant, Dr George Nassim. What a gem he is. Friendly, compassionate and funny on top of being a great surgeon. I felt like I was in good hands. I didn’t panic for more than a few hours after I was told that I had cancer. They can do loads of things to save cancer patients these days. I was young and strong. I’d been a vegetarian since I was 16. I ate mostly healthy foods, although eating at night was a serious no no when it came to my weight. I went for walks a few times a week. I felt I could beat this.

I was booked in for surgery to remove the tumour. I was given a stoma, which means I’ll have to poop in a bag for the rest of my life. I found that really difficult to handle. More difficult than the cancer sometimes. I was in St Lukes hospital for over 50 days last year. (I had to have a second surgery due to complications) Recovery was hard, but I did it. I shared a room with two lovely women who also had cancer. They have since died. In another ward I was in I was next to another woman who had cancer. She died too. The staff at St Lukes in Kilkenny are the most kind, hardworking people I’ve ever met. In March, in between surgeries, I was sent to the Mater in Dublin and had a porto-cath put in for putting the chemo through, and a PET Scan to see if the cancer had spread. If it hadn’t, I’d live. If it had spread to other organs, I’d die. It had spread to my lungs.

I felt bad enough to go to the doctor. She did what she was supposed to do. She told them I had diahrea and blood from my rectum. But what could they do? So do lots of people. Should I have skipped the list ahead of those other people with the same symptoms? I don’t think so. Should there be a list so long that it puts people at risk of dying? No. Definitely not.

I know in my heart and soul that when I started to feel really, really bad, especially in from December to February 2006, is when the cancer broke through the wall of my bowel. Of course I can’t prove it. But I know. Because it broke through the bowel I have been given 2 to 4 years from diagnosis to live. The chemo is to prolong life, not to save it. I have 3 years, tops, to go. Despite that, I’m going to try my best to make it for 5 more til my youngest turns 18. He needs me too much now. My husband has suffered right along side of me in his own way knowing that the woman he loves will be dead soon. My 18 year old daughter has been told and has gone quiet and doesn’t want to talk about it. But I know she’s scared. I haven’t told my 13 year old son yet. He’s too young to handle it. The South East Cancer Foundation in Waterford have been very helpful and will help us when the time is right to do and say the “right” things.

I don’t blame the wonderful people who work in St Lukes in Kilkenny. They work with what they are given. St. Lukes has the best A+E unit in the country. I had to use it three times in 2006 and twice with my son (nothing serious, thankfully). What did the government do? Threaten to shut it down. They also threatened to shut down the maternity unit AFTER spending millions to improve it!! That would mean Carlow women would have to travel to already overcrowded hospitals in Dublin and Kilkenny women would have to travel to Waterford, which is grand if you live in South Kilkenny. The rest could lump it and birth at the side of the road if necessary.

Twice I had to listen to two women die next to me in hospital because there’s no place for people nearing death and their loved ones to go to die and grieve in dignity.

My time in the Mater was dreadful. I was terrified I’d pick up MRSA because it was filthy. I was put on a ward with cardiac patients, mostly men, who because of their ill health were unable aim too well when they went to the toilet. Once when I used the toilet my pajama bottoms soaked up urine up to my ankles. Even though I was still sick and weak I still tried to hover over the toilet so I wouldn’t have to touch it. I wasn’t able to hover and hold up my pajama legs at the same time. I had just given my sister-in-law two sets of pj’s to take home and wash and had nothing to change into. I rinsed them out in the grimey sink and wore them damp until she returned the next day with clean ones.There was excrement stuck to the sides of the toilet for days at a time. Water flooded the shower room, soaked my clean pjs and towel that were on the floor outside the shower and ran out into the hall. After that happened the first time I learned to take a chair in to the shower room to put my stuff on. At least I knew THAT floor got water and soap put on it regularly. The man in the bed next to me, who had suffered a triple bi-pass was served up a greasy fry for tea when he had specifically ordered fish because it was healthier. On the third day he refused to eat it when they wouldn’t give him what he had ordered and went without eating on principle. I was vegetarian and so was served cheese on crackers and cheese sandwiches (fake cheese slices on white bread) for all but two meals. They brought one of the two nicer meals when I was fasting and not allowed to eat it. My suspicion is that the catering has been privatised, although I could be wrong. The staff, apart from one really nasty nurse, were lovely.

Should I blame anyone for my hard luck? I’ve thought about it over the last year and have tried to be reasonable about it. After all, I waited to get Christmas over with before I phoned the hospital for a second time asking to be seen. But today, when I heard that a very nice man who was in the same, if not worse condition, than me when he went to his GP is going to live because he had private health insurance and I’m going to die because I didn’t, I had to bite my tongue. I’m happy he’s going to live. He deserves to live. But so do I. Then I came home and watched that ad which told people to hurry up and get checked out for bowel cancer because it will save their lives, and I fucking lost it.

I’ve finally reached the angry stage, I guess. Who am I angry at? I’ll tell you, Joe. The health service has been in the hands of Fianna Fail and the PD’s for years and all they can think to do is put resources into privatisation. They don’t have the ability to change structures in the public sector that would put more resources toward patient care. But it’s not just the politicians. I’m also angry at every single voter who voted for Fianna Fail and the PDs because they thought they’d get a few more shillings in their pockets but were too greedy and stupid to realise that that money they saved in wage taxes would be made up with stealth taxes. We all knew before the last election what their health policies were and the majority of people ignored this and voted for them anyway. Maybe they thought this would never happen to them. Or maybe because so many have private health insurance they just didn’t care because they were alright, Jack.

I never dreamed I’d get cancer, let alone die from it. But I was wrong. My message to anyone with symptoms of bowel cancer is go to your GP immediately. If you, like me, don’t have health insurance, pester them until they hate you, go to your politicians and beg them to help, go to the media, get a solicitor to threaten to sue the government and the hospital if they don’t get you in soon for a colonoscopy. Otherwise, the people who love you might lose you and you’ll not get to do all the things you planned in life.

I’m writing to you because the way this country is run leads me to believe that contacting a radio show is the only way to try to change things like this. I hope that when Ms SUV and Mr Builder goes into the voting booth, they’ll think about me, my husband and especially my children. My husband is a decent man. He works full time in a good job and I worked part-time in a job I loved that helped people, but didn’t pay well. It depended on government money to help women and children in crisis, so of course couldn’t pay me well. We know what Bertie, Michael, Micheal and Mary’s priorities are.

Despite 1 1/2 incomes we couldn’t afford VHI or Bupa. But even if we could have we wouldn’t have gotten it because we believed (and still do) that all people should get good care despite their incomes. We thought jumping queues was wrong. We’re socialists…just like Bertie. Ha Ha. Now I feel like vomiting and it’s not the chemo!

From a Cancer Patient in Kilkenny.

This is an RTE NEWS TV report on the irish pirate closedowns. Don Cockburn, veteran news broadcaster does a couple of stories on it. Radio Nova in Rathfarnham is closed down by The Posts and Telegraphs, Ireland’s government body responsible for broadcasting in the early eighties. Shane McGowan (now a newsreader on RTE 2 FM I believe) is seen in this news report. A 50 Kilowatt transmitter was confiscated by the police. Nova claimed 60 jobs would be lost, and claimed he could have been given adequate time to close the station properly. There are other news reports, including the raids on Sunshine radio in Portmarnock. www.irishpirates.com
Video Rating: 4 / 5

World in Action – Waterwell Drilling Rig – china Top Head Drive Drilling System

Origins
World in Action was the pre-eminent current affairs program produced by Britain’s ITV Network in its first 50 years. Along with This Week, Weekend World, First Tuesday, The Big Story and The Cook Report – and the news-gathering of ITN – World in Action gave ITV a reputation for quality broadcast journalism to rival the BBC’s output.
For the first 35 years of its existence, ITV had a near-monopoly of television advertising revenue. Roy Thomson, who ran Scottish Television famously described ITV as a “licence to print money”. In return for this income, the broadcasting regulator insisted that the ITV companies broadcast a proportion of their programmes as public service TV. Out of this was born the network’s reputation for serious current affairs, eagerly grabbed by program makers under Granada’s founder Lord Sidney Bernstein.
Some of the dominant figures in 20th century British broadcasting helped to create World In Action, in particular Tim Hewat “the maverick genius of Granada’s current affairs in its formative years” and his World In Action successor David Plowright: but also Jeremy Isaacs, Michael Parkinson, John Birt and Gus Macdonald and, its most long-serving executive-producer, Ray Fitzwalter. World In Action trained generations of journalists and, in particular, film-makers. Michael Apted worked on the original Seven Up. Paul Greengrass, who spent ten years on World In Action, told the BBC: “My first dream was to work on World In Action, to be honest. It was that wonderful eclectic mixture of filmmaking and reportage. That was my training ground. It showed me the world and made me see many things.” He later told The Guardian: “If there’s a thread running through my career it’s World in Action – the phrase as well as the programme.” Although its rivals produced many memorable programs, it was World in Action “slamming into the subject of each edition without wordy prefaces from a reassuring host-figure” which consistently gained a reputation for the kind of original journalism and film making which made headlines and won major awards. In its time, the series was honoured by all of the major broadcasting awards, including many BAFTA, the Royal Television Society and Emmy Awards.
World in Action’s style was the opposite to its urbane BBC rival’s, especially to the London BBC. By repute, especially in its early days World In Action would never employ anybody who was on first-name terms with any politician. Gus Macdonald, an executive producer of the programme, said it had been “born brash”. Steve Boulton, one of its last editors, wrote in The Independent that the programme’s ethos was to “comfort the afflicted – and afflict the comfortable.” Paul Greengrass told The Guardian in June 2008 that the chairman of Granada TV once told him: “Don’t forget, your job’s to make trouble.”
World in Action out-lasted all of its contemporaries in ITV current affairs, killed off as the commercial pressures on the network grew with the arrival of multi-channel TV in the UK. Eventually World In Action, too, was removed from the schedules by its own [but by now dramatically different] creator, Granada TV, following pressure from the ITV Network Centre. World In Action, with its worldwide view and coverage, was replaced in the schedules by Tonight. Investigative legacy
From the beginning, and especially from the late 1960s, World In Action broke new ground in investigative techniques. Landmark investigations included the Poulson Affair, corruption in the West Midlands Serious Crime Squad, the exposure of the shadowy and violent far-right group Combat 18, investigations into L. Ron Hubbard and Scientology and, most notably, a long campaign which resulted in the release from prison of the Birmingham Six, six Irishmen falsely accused of planting Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) bombs in Birmingham pubs.
World in Action’s appetite for controversy created tension with the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA), the official regulator during most of the series run, which had the power to intervene before broadcast. Sir Denis Forman, one of Granada’s founders, wrote that there was “trench warfare” between the programme and the industry regulator, the Independent Television Authority (ITA), in the years between 1966 and 1969 as World In Action sought to establish its journalistic freedoms.
The most celebrated dispute was in 1973, over the banning of The Friends and Influence of John L Poulson, the definitive film about the Poulson Affair, itself one of the defining scandals of British political life in the 1960s. Poulson was an architect, who was jailed a year later for corrupting politicians and civil servants to advance his construction business. The regulator, which was then the IBA, banned the film without seeing it and without giving official reasons other than “broadcasting policy”. As a protest, Granada broadcast a blank screen – which bizarrely recorded the third highest TV audience of that week. After a public furore which saw newspapers from the Sunday Times to the Socialist Worker unite in condemnation of “censorship”, the IBA held a second vote, having by then seen the film. By a single vote, the ban was lifted and the programme, retitled The Rise and Fall of John Poulson, was transmitted on April 30, 1973, three months after it was first scheduled.
In 1980 the programme examined the business practices of the then chairman of Manchester United F.C., Louis Edwards. Edwards ran a wholesale butchery business that supplied schools in Manchester; WIA exposed practices of bribery of council officials and the supply of meat that was unfit for human consumption to such institutions; Edwards’ businesses were subsequently prosecuted and lost their contracts.
World in Action tackled the British intelligence services; as well as the Navy over its recruitment practices: senior Navy personnel famously ‘door-stepped’ the director of the World In Action’s film in question. The programme broadcast revelations by whistleblowers from both GCHQ, the government’s electronic eavesdropping and surveillance headquarters, and from the Joint Intelligence Committee.
Its most audacious investigation of the intelligence community was perhaps an extended edition in July 1984 titled “The Spy Who Never Was”, the confessions of a former MI5 officer, Peter Wright. Spycatcher, Wright’s subsequent account of the period when he and colleagues had, as he put it, “bugged and burgled our way across London”, revealed what had in effect been a planned coup against the then Labour government of Harold Wilson. Wright appeared to have been in charge of the technical side of things. ‘The Wilson Plot’, as it became known, was corroborated to varying degrees both before and after the film’s transmission in various other books by journalists and in volumes of memoirs by others involved in the conspiracy. Wright’s book was the most explosive of them all. Wright, embittered by a still unresolved pension dispute, fled to Australia where the book was written and finally published – to the fury of Mrs Thatcher – with the assistance of the original programme’s chief researcher, Paul Greengrass. Publication in Britain was initially banned outright by the government of Margaret Thatcher.
The series was rarely away from the courts and the threat of legal action. The Scientologists tried [and failed] to stop World in Action’s broadcasts about them through the courts and In 1980, members of the programme’s staff and senior executives at Granada TV announced that they would be prepared to go to prison rather than submit to a House of Lords ruling that the programme reveal the identity of an informant who had supplied WIA with 250 pages of secret documents from the then state-owned steel company British Steel. British Steel was at the time locked in an industrial dispute with its workforce.
In 1995, Susan O’Keeffe, a World in Action journalist, was threatened with prison in Ireland for refusing to reveal her sources. She had investigated scandals within the Irish meat industry in two films in 1991, setting in motion a three-year Tribunal of Inquiry in Dublin, which found that much of her criticism of the industry was substantiated. The Tribunal, though, demanded that she name her informants, and when she refused to do so, she was charged by the Irish Director of Public Prosecutions. The case became a cause clbre in the Republic of Ireland, and in January 1995 she faced trial for contempt of court but was cleared of the charge. She was honoured in the 1994 Freedom of Information Awards for her stand.
In its last few years, the programme was involved in two high-profile libel cases. It won the first (along with The Guardian) against the former Conservative Cabinet Minister Jonathan Aitken, and lost the second, against the high street chain Marks & Spencer.
On April 10, 1995, Jonathan Aitken (himself a former journalist for Yorkshire Television) called a televised press conference three hours before the transmission of a World in Action film, Jonathan of Arabia, demanding that allegations about his dealings with leading Saudis be withdrawn. In a phrase that would come to haunt him, Aitken promised to wield “the simple sword of truth and the trusty shield of British fair play … to cut out the cancer of bent and twisted journalism.” Aitken was subsequently sentenced to 18 months in prison for perjuring himself in the libel case.. World in Action followed the collapse of Aitken’s libel case with a special edition whose title reflected the MP’s claim to wield the “sword of truth”. It was called The Dagger of Deceit. Television techniques
Although the series’ lasting reputation is for its investigative work, it also led the way in introducing other techniques to mainstream TV. In 1971, years before reality programming became the staple diet of the TV schedules, World In Action challenged the Staffordshire village of Longnor to quit smoking, a forerunner of many of the popular-challenge documentaries which enjoyed success in the 21st Century reality boom.
In 1984, World In Action caused a sensation by challenging a rising young Conservative Member of Parliament, Matthew Parris, to live for a week on a 26 unemployment benefit payment to test the reality of his own critical views on the unemployed. (Parris subsequently abandoned Parliament for a career as a broadcaster and writer.) The same year, World In Action revealed the tricks behind political oratory by coaching a complete beginner, Ann Brennan, to deliver a speech which won a standing ovation at the annual conference of the Social Democratic Party, using techniques developed by Professor Max Atkinson. The eminent political commentator Sir Robin Day, covering the conference for BBC television, described Mrs Brennan’s performance as “The most refreshing speech we’ve heard so far.”
World In Action helped to pioneer the technique of using covert cameras, not just in investigative work but also in social documentary, including, from the earliest days, the treatment of gypsies, the old in care (“Ward F13″) and poverty in England. The arrival of high-quality miniature cameras allowed ambitious projects such as Donal MacIntyre’s award-winning programmes in October 1996 on the illegal drug trade, and the future Conservative MP Adam Holloway’s disturbing reports on the reality of life among the homeless in 1991.
World In Action gave rise to a number of spin-off series, most famously the Seven Up! documentaries which have followed the lives of a group of British people who turned seven years old in 1963. The most recent, 49 UP, was shown in 2005. Michael Apted directed most episodes; parallel series have also started in the last decade in South Africa, the USA and Russia. ITV’s popular consumer series, House of Horrors, in which shoddy builders are invited to carry out minor repairs to a house festooned with covert recording devices, originated on World In Action.
More recent current affairs series on other channels, such as the MacIntyre series on BBC and Five, and Channel 4′s Dispatches, commissioned by Dorothy Byrne, a former WIA producer, may be seen as having inherited certain aspects of World in Action’s hard-hitting journalistic style. World In Action and popular culture
One of the programme’s hallmarks was its willingness to embrace popular culture, at a time when its competitors preferred a more highbrow approach. One of the very earliest editions reported on overspending at the Ministry of Defence in the style of a contemporary gameshow, Beat The Clock. The programme was so controversial it was banned from being shown on ITV by the then regulatory body, the Independent Television Authority (ITA); instead, ten minutes of it were shown on the BBC as an act of journalistic solidarity. The gameshow device re-emerged in 1989, when an academic study of the uptake of tax-funded benefits by the middle-class was transformed into a mock quiz show named Spongers, fronted by a well-known star of game formats, Nicholas Parsons.
Popular music played a significant role in WIA’s history. An early edition, in 1966, carried a fly-on-the-wall account of daily life aboard one of the then pirate radio ships, Radio Caroline, at a time when the British Government was determined to preserve the radio monopoly of the BBC by driving the “pirates” off the air.
In 1967, a young researcher named John Birt established his early reputation by persuading the rock star Mick Jagger to appear on World in Action to debate youth culture and his recent drug conviction, with Establishment figures, including William Rees-Mogg of The Times, who had written a famous editorial defending the singer. Jagger so enjoyed the experience that he invited the Granada team to film The Rolling Stones at the band’s free 1969 concert in Hyde Park, London. The resulting film, The Stones In The Park, was one of the iconic concert films of the Sixties. John Birt rapidly moved on to edit World in Action and eventually run the BBC as its Director-General.
The rise of Thatcherism and the misery of mass unemployment saw WIA examining the phenomenon through the eyes of another emerging band, UB40, in A Statistic, A Reminder (1981), a line taken from one of the band’s songs. Six years later, a special edition of the programme was devoted to the Irish rock band U2 and their charismatic front man Bono. Like The Rolling Stones before them, U2 allowed World in Action to film one of their classic concerts in 1987 in Ireland. This footage, shot by the future Hollywood director Paul Greengrass, was shown only once on ITV because of copyright restrictions, although it circulated among fans of the band as a bootleg. A small section of the film was posted on YouTube in 2006. The full documentary was made available on the itv.com website in 2008.
In 1983, Stevie Wonder, at the height of his popularity, gave the programme a musical exclusive when he agreed to let a World in Action crew record him performing an unreleased song, written to help the Democratic politician Jesse Jackson’s electioneering, for The Race Against Reagan. Another popular singer, Sting, appeared in a more critical World in Action episode, which questioned the effectiveness of his Rainforest Foundation.
Perhaps the most bruising encounter between WIA and popular entertainment was the 1995 film Black and Blue which featured a covert recording of a performance by the veteran comedian Bernard Manning as the star of a charity function organised by the Manchester branch of the Police Federation, which represents rank-and-file officers. Manning’s racist and homophobic performance, loudly applauded by those present, caused outrage when WIA broadcast excerpts, sparking an intense debate about the willingness of British police officers to embrace a diverse culture. Leading contributors Journalists
World in Action employed many leading journalists, among them John Pilger; Michael Parkinson; Gordon Burns; Nick Davies, Ed Vulliamy and David Leigh of The Guardian; Alasdair Palmer of the Sunday Telegraph; John Ware, BBC Panorama’s leading investigative reporter; Anthony Wilson, whose second career as a music impresario was immortalised in the feature film 24 Hour Party People; Michael Gillard, creator of the Slicker business pages in the satirical magazine Private Eye; Donal MacIntyre; the writer Mark Hollingsworth; Quentin McDermott, since 1999 a leading investigative reporter for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation; Tony Watson, editor of the Yorkshire Post for 13 years and editor-in-chief of the Press Association from December 2006; and Andrew Jennings, author of Lords of the Rings, who has campaigned vigorously for more than a decade against corruption in international sport.
Two former World in Action journalists uncovered one of the biggest broadcasting scandals of the 1990s. Laurie Flynn, a central figure in the British Steel papers case, and Michael Sean Gillard revealed that large parts of a 1996 Carlton TV documentary, The Connection, about drug trafficking from Colombia, had been fabricated. Flynn and Gillard’s expos in The Guardian in May 1998 led to an inquiry and a record 2 million fine for Carlton from the then regulator, the Independent Television Commission (ITC), as well as provoking a passionate debate about truthfulness in broadcast journalism. Presenters
Unusually for a current affairs programme, WIA’s standard format was as a voice-over documentary without a regular reporter although a handful of WIA journalists did appear in front of camera, including Chris Kelly, Gordon Burns, John Pilger, Gus Macdonald, Anthony Wilson, Nick Davies, Adam Holloway, Stuart Prebble (who later became the programme’s editor), Mike Walsh, David Taylor and Donal MacIntyre. Guest presenters were used on rare occasions, among them Jonathan Dimbleby, Sandy Gall, Martyn Gregory, Sue Lawley and Lynn Faulds Wood. Perhaps its most celebrated guest presenter was the distinguished American anchorman Walter Cronkite, who came out of retirement to cover the 1983 British General Election for the series.
A small group of narrators delivered the vast majority of WIA’s voice-overs. The science presenter James Burke did a number of commentaries on early editions of the programme. Other main contributors included David Plowright, Chris Kelly, Jim Pope, Philip Tibenham and Andrew Brittain. Among the guest narrators who contributed occasional commentaries were the popular actors Robert Lindsay and Jean Boht. Producer-Directors
The series was known for its gritty visual style, almost always shot on location, and a number of its producer-directors went on to work on major film projects. Those working on the series in its early years included Michael Apted, later to direct Coal Miner’s Daughter, Gorillas in the Mist and the James Bond film The World is not Enough, as well as the Seven Up! documentaries, and Mike Hodges, who went on to direct Get Carter and Flash Gordon. Later, Paul Greengrass, director of the feature films United 93, The Bourne Supremacy and The Bourne Ultimatum and of the drama-documentaries Bloody Sunday and The Murder of Stephen Lawrence, cut his directing teeth on World in Action. According to The Guardian, Greengrass was listed in 2007 as “the 28th smartest” person in Hollywood.. Leslie Woodhead, director of The Stones In The Park, the award winning A Cry From The Grave, many “Disappearing World” films and also regarded by many as a founder of the drama-documentary movement, worked on World in Action for many years as a producer-director and executive. Long-time World in Action alumni who went on to direct and produce Granada’s international award-winning “Disappearing World” films include Brian Moser, its instigator and original producer, and Charlie Nairn.
Among the more recent generation of film-makers to emerge from World in Action were Alex Holmes, who became editor of the BBC2 documentary strand Modern Times and went on to write and direct the Bafta-winning dramatised documentary series Dunkirk for the BBC; and Katy Jones, a former WIA producer, who became a key collaborator with the screen writer Jimmy McGovern as a producer on his award-winning drama-documentaries Hillsborough and Sunday. Broadcasters
WIA was a starting point for several key programme-makers who went on to major roles in British broadcasting. John Birt became Director-General of the BBC, having been Programme Controller of the London ITV franchise LWT, where he created the company’s current affairs flagship, Weekend World.
Several WIA staffers were promoted to significant roles in Granada Television, among them David Plowright, who became its chairman and later went on to become deputy chairman of Channel 4. Steve Morrison became chief executive at Granada. Gus Macdonald held the same role at another ITV franchise, Scottish Television.
Stuart Prebble, a former editor, became chief executive of ITV, and Steve Anderson became Head of News and Current Affairs for that channel. Both have since moved on to the independent production industry. Ian McBride, who led the team which made the Birmingham Six programmes, became Managing Editor of Granada TV, and was Director of Compliance for ITV until 2008.
Dianne Nelmes, who worked as a researcher and executive producer of WIA, was the founding editor of Granada TV’s hugely successful This Morning with Richard and Judy and went on to head daytime and factual programmes at ITV.
Dorothy Byrne, a former WIA producer, is Head of News and Current Affairs at Channel 4. Julian Bellamy, who worked as a young researcher on one of WIA’s last big foreign investigations – about arms deals between Britain and Indonesia – later headed Channel 4′s entertainment channel E4 and was programme controller of the BBC digital channel BBC Three before re-joining Channel 4 as its Head of Programming in the spring of 2007. TV production companies
A number of WIA veterans went on to set up and run their own independent television production companies. John Smithson and David Darlow, who set up the production company Darlow Smithson, responsible for the feature films Touching the Void and Deep Water and many factual TV programmes including Black Box and The Falling Man, worked together on WIA. Claudia Milne founded twentytwenty tv, which made a successful current affairs strand for ITV, The Big Story, as well as popular factual series such as Bad Boys’ Army’ on ITV and That’ll Teach ‘Em on Channel 4. Brian Lapping set up the much-garlanded Brook Lapping company, which made The Death of Yugoslavia and many other landmark contemporary history programmes. Stuart Prebble, a former editor of World In Action, runs Liberty Bell, best known for the popular Grumpy Old Men series on the BBC. Another former editor, Steve Boulton, started an eponymous company, which made Young, Nazi & Proud, a Bafta-winning profile of the young British National Party activist Mark Collett.
One of the biggest British independent production companies is All 3 Media, which controls several other leading companies, including Lime Pictures, formerly Mersey Television, makers of Hollyoaks. It is run by Steve Morrison, a former WIA producer. Political connections
Although in its early days World In Action was reputed never to employ anyone who was on first-name terms with any politician, a number of British Parliamentarians since have World In Action on their curriculum vitae. The most recent is the Conservative MP Adam Holloway, elected to the House of Commons in 2005. The British Cabinet Minister Jack Straw worked on World in Action as a researcher, as did Margaret Beckett who served as Tony Blair’s last Foreign Secretary. Chris Mullin, Labour MP for Sunderland South, played a major role in the programme’s campaign on behalf of the Birmingham Six. Gus Macdonald, now Baron Macdonald of Tradeston, and from 1998 to 2003 a Government Minister, was formerly an executive on the programme. John Birt (by then ennobled as Baron Birt), was personal advisor to the British Prime Minister Tony Blair between 2001 and 2005. Editors
Editors of the programme (sometimes with the title of Executive Producer) were, successively, Tim Hewat, Derek Granger, Alex Valentine, David Plowright, Jeremy Wallington, Leslie Woodhead, John Birt, Gus Macdonald, David Boulton, Brian Lapping, Ray Fitzwalter, Allan Segal, Stuart Prebble, Nick Hayes, Dianne Nelmes, Charles Tremayne, Steve Boulton and Jeff Anderson. Anderson also became editor of World in Action’s replacement Tonight, before becoming Head of Current Affairs at ITV in 2006. Mike Lewis, a former WIA producer, was appointed editor of Tonight in October 2006. Academic connections
Professor Brian Winston, Pro-Vice Chancellor (External Relations) at the University of Lincoln, who has also held leading posts at the Universities of Westminster, Cardiff, Pennsylvania State and New York, was a researcher and producer in the early series of World in Action.
Ray Fitzwalter, WIA’s longest-serving editor and the man behind the ground-breaking Poulson investigations, became a Visiting Fellow at the University of Salford School of Media, Music and Performance.
Gavin MacFadyen, who worked on early series of World in Action as a producer-director and was best known for his under-cover human rights films, was made a Visiting Professor at City University in 2005. He is also Director of the Centre for Investigative Journalism. David Leigh, who made Jonathan of Arabia, the film which provoked Jonathan Aitken’s self-destructive libel action, was made Britain’s first Professor of Reporting at City University, London, in September 2006. Camera work
Although a great many director/producers, journalists and editors passed through the programme, one cameraman played an overwhelming role in shaping the appeal of the series. George Jesse Turner, born on the Lancashire coast, close to Granada’s roots, served on the programme from 1966 until its end. By his own count, he shot the principal footage for some 600 of its 1,400 editions, as well as filming all of Michael Apted’s documentaries in the Seven Up! series. Turner was shot himself – in the backside – by an Israeli bullet whilst he and Allan Segal were filming a clash between Fatah guerrillas and the Israeli Army in 1969. Shortly before he retired from Granada, Turner was honoured by Bafta in 1999 for his work as a documentary cameraman.
Among the many cameramen who also contributed to WIA was Chris Menges, who went on to become a distinguished cinematographer – Kes, The Killing Fields and The Mission are among his credits – and a film director in his own right, on features such as A World Apart. Title sequence
The programme’s distinctive identity owed much to its striking title sequence. The music, based on a descending series of organ chords, was called Jam for World in Action and is usually credited to Jonathon Weston, though the American musician Shawn Phillips disputes this. He has posted his claim of authorship on YouTube. The programme’s logo, and the centrepiece of its titles, was the Leonardo da Vinci drawing, the Vitruvian Man. Controversy
In August 1978 World in Action aired reports from the United States that microwaves were dangerous and caused cancer which later proved unfounded. This fallacy was encouraged and further reinforced which resulted in the compounding of peoples fear that these appliances were dangerous. UK microwave sales plummeted immediately after the documentary aired. Potential purchasers were particularly anxious that radiation would somehow escape through the oven walls or door. External links
British Film Institute database of World In Action programmes
TV Ark archive of World In Action title sequences
Encyclopedia of Television
ITV North West England – World in Action titles for 1963 and 1995
Network DVD – World in Action Vol. 1
Nostalgia Central – The World in Action 1963 to 1998
Paul Almond – 7 Up
World Socialist Website – 14 March 1998
‘Televrit’ hits Britain: Documentary, Drama and the growth of 16mm Filmmaking in British Television
‘Scandal at the regulator’ (World in Action and the Poulson affair)
ITV’s official WIA page, containing links to four classic episodes
World in Action at the Internet Movie Database Books and articles
Jonathan Aitken (2003), Pride and Perjury, London: Continuum International Publishing Group – Academi.
Ray Fitzwalter (2008), The Dream That Died: The Rise And Fall Of ITV, London: Matador.
Ray Fitzwalter, David Taylor (1981), Web of Corruption: The Story of J. G. L. Poulson and T. Dan Smith, London: Granada.
Denis Forman (1997), Persona Granada, London: Andre Deutsch
Peter Goddard (2004), ‘World in Action’, in Glen Creeber (ed.), Fifty Key Television Programmes, London: Arnold.
Peter Goddard (2006), ‘”Improper liberties”: Regulating undercover journalism on ITV, 19671980′, Journalism, 7(1): 45-63.
Peter Goddard, John Corner and Kay Richardson (2001), ‘The formation of World in Action: A case study in the history of current affairs journalism’, Journalism, 2(1): 73-90.
Peter Goddard, John Corner and Kay Richardson (2007), Public Issue Television: World in Action 1963-98, Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Luke Harding, David Leigh and David Pallister (1997), The Liar: The Fall of Jonathan Aitken, London: Penguin Books Ltd.
Jonathan Margolis (1996), Bernard Manning, London: Orion Books
Chris Mullin (1990), Error of Judgement: Birmingham Bombings, Dublin: Poolbeg Press.
George Jesse Turner, Jeff Anderson (2000), Trouble Shooter: Life Through The Lens of World in Action’s Top Cameraman, London: Granada Media. Notes
^ Political Studies Association pdf
^ John Birt’s MacTaggart Lecture 2005
^ Discussion recorded at London Frontline Club, May 2008
^ *Ray Fitzwalter, The Dream That Died: The Rise And Fall Of ITV, London: 2008.
^ a b Guardian 4/12/2004 Tim Hewat Obituary by Philip Pursar
^ Denis Forman, Persona Granada, p. 222
^ Peter Wright, with Paul Greengrass Spycatcher: The Candid Autobiography of a Senior Intelligence Officer, Australia: Heinemann, 1987, p54
^ Denis Forman, Persona Granada pp. 216-7
^ “The 50 Smartest People in Hollywood”. 28 November 2007. http://hollywoodinsider.ew.com/2007/11/smart-list-intr.html. Retrieved 2008-08-04. 
^ http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0810478/
^ George Jesse Turner & Jeff Anderson, Trouble Shooter, p. viii
^ George Jesse Turner & Jeff Anderson, Trouble Shooter, pp. 7-13
^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/electricdreams/1980s/microwave Categories: 1960s British television series | 1970s British television series | 1980s British television series | 1990s British television series | 1963 in British television | 1963 television series debuts | 1998 television series endings | British television documentaries | ITN | ITV television programmes | British television news programmes

Television–minus advertising: in the future, you’ll decide when you watch commercials, if you watch them at all.(tech talk): An article from: Communication World

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Title: Television–minus advertising: in the future, you’ll decide when you watch commercials, if you

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Price: $ 9.95

Suning to spend 10 million engage in the service business cards to promote the World Expo

Tour Expo and the purchase of electrical appliances, any contact between the two? Recently, the World Expo Shanghai business card project sponsors and business investment group

Suning

Electric Group signed a strategic cooperation agreement, Suning will spend 10 million yuan in the next consumer customers free of charge sent to Su Ning, “Consumer Card Expo.” April 24, the consumers in the city any one store Suning spending 30,000 yuan, 1,000 yuan can receive a consumer card Expo. Business Expo before, Suning Appliance hope in this way put aside the traditional ”

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“Competition mode, in the occupation of commercial competition in the Expo opportunities.

Spend millions of “free card”

Suning play for World Expo

Service

Brand

Business opportunities in front of the Expo, many businesses start with “card” article. April 24, the Suning in advance of the “51″ promotional campaign, will spend 10 million yuan launched the “packages sent to” and “buy on the pumping,” two items, consumer spending in the Suning any store, over 30,000 yuan can receive the amount of 1,000 yuan, “the Expo business card”, and the number obtained under shopping opportunities draw many times.

It is understood that the “Expo consumer card” is a park covering retail and catering outlets 95% of consumer cards, the use of non-contact method of payment. Its biggest feature is the fast and convenient, each spending an average time of only 1-2 seconds, which saves the time wasted due to line payment. If enough of the Expo area, “Expo Business Card” can also be used in stores in the city Suning, Suning stores in the future will be to promote the country.

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, By the way the Expo garden piecemeal spending to get rid of, so marketing is clear, “pinch” quasi the Expo visitors spending nerves. Su Ning told reporters that the responsible person, the Suning select “Expo Business Card” as a promotional

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Is to change the traditional price promotions simple way to send more services and facilities around the Expo visitors. It is reported that the amount of gift card amount will be based on how much increased consumption. If consumer spending 50,000 yuan, then receive a 1,500 yuan, 2,400 yuan sent over 80,000 cards to send over 100 thousand yuan to 3,000 yuan card. The chance to draw a total of up to 2500, awards the highest setting 4999 yuan. Offers continuous

Business people fighting benefits
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Face price war Expo, Shanghai Household Appliances Industry Association, said Li Fuchun, the Expo brings business opportunities effects of suction gold, making this year’s consumer electronics market more competitive. Can be expected that the Expo commercial warfare, the people will groan a lot of benefits.

“The great strength of our marketing is absolutely unprecedented, consumers can get a lot more affordable than usual.” Suning official told reporters on April 24, the Suning, and China Mobile will jointly launch a limited Large packs to buy

Mobile

The amount of more than 1500 yuan, and other electrical appliances more than 2,000 yuan, will receive a “750 yuan spree,” goodie bags worth 350 yuan fixed one TD, 12 months free monthly rental fee of 120, the Expo ticket and gifts A. The event limit in Changning Road flagship store launched in association is regulated by an agreement signed ID card.

Reporter learned that, in the major shopping district in Shanghai, have been the first to come before the World Expo World Expo theme of various marketing activities. Among them, the home appliance industry, companies are under even more effort enough?? “Uniform price”, “storm price,” “installment fee-free”, “parity impulse”, “limit spike”, “price guarantee”, ”

TM to

Additional subsidies “and many other promotions, full of all kinds of communication channels, are attracting customers to gain attention. Driven consumption boom

“Your appliance,” the most sought after Expo

“During the Expo, the brand image of the high-end, superior quality ‘of your electrical appliances’, the Expo will be the most promising consumer goods.